The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious trophy on fourteen different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the French league champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
However, the southern French side fired twice late to take a shock advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to force the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.